Upconversion nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and medical treatments. However, their potential toxicity remains a substantial concern. This review aims to provide a thorough analysis of the toxicity associated with upconversion nanoparticles. It investigates various asp

Zinc oxide is a substance renowned for its remarkable power to shield delicate skin. This calming component has long been used in a number of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its remarkable protective characteristics. Creating a physical shield on the skin's top layer, zinc oxide effectively here blocks harmful rad